Diffuser head for fluid fuel burners



Feb. 26, 1952 5, GORSHKOFF 2,587,140

DIFFUSER HEAD FOR FLUID FUEL BURNERS Filed Aug. 28, 1948 Patented Feb. 26, 1952 UNIT ED "STATES OEF DIFFUSER. HEAD .EOR FLUIDFUEL BURN ERS Alexis S. Gorslrkoff, Oxfordgflonru, assignor-to 'Steel Productg Incorporated; -West- Haven, Gonna, incorporation of Connecticut;

ApplicationAugustZZ8, 1948, Serial.No..46.,56 5.

1.0mm; (c1. 158L115) 'Myinvention relates, to adiffuser-headfor gun type oil burners;

Ingun'type burners thereis'an air blas-lrpipe surrounding the burner A nozzle and the air blast is-sog directed as to attempt to* get the proper air and oil; mixture forperfect combustion. lhe

diffuser heads heretofore 'employed have usually been rather expensive-inthat they have usually been cast and the parts are necessarily somewhat cumbersomeandthe airv passages considerably restricted.

It is anobjectofimy invention to provide an improved diffuser head which i relatively simple in construction; cheap-. totmanulacture and very efi'icientin use.

It is" another object to provide a difiuserhead having vanes '01 fine of extremely-thin section -to formation and provided with fins to direct an I inner stream of air toward the axis of the shell and of the burner and to direct an outer cur-.

rent of air generally spirally. The fin strip v.is preferably formed with integral fins or blades in a press when in flat strip form and subsequently I bent into generally circular shape and forced into the outer shell where it may be secured by any suitable means or held by its inherent resiliency.

In the drawings which show, for illustrative purposes only, a preferred form of the invention,

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a more or less conventional gun type burner illustrating my improved difiuser head.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken sub stantially in the plane of the line 2-2 of Fi 3 and viewed from the front of the diffuser head.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken substantially in the plane of the line 33 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary side view of a strip having fins press-formed therein and before the strip is bent into circular form.

Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the strip shown in Fig. 4.

In the drawings, I show a more or less conven- 2 tionalguntype burner embodyingtheusual fan 5? and;oil pump 6 both driven by themot'or'l. The airfrom the fan passesthrough the box-8 and "the blast tube 9 having my improved diffuser head" Ill secured to the end thereof as by means of screws l l-l I. The burner nozzle It may be of conventional form;

improved" diffuser head preferably consists of a cylindrical shell:l3of-asize-tointerfit'with the blast tube 9' as willbeqclear. The front end of the shell. I 3" is. preferably; swagedor spun inwardly as indicated at- M'so as to beef moreor less, frusto-econical" shape. Thus an an" blast throughthe shell" [3 will have the outer annular stratum deflected inwardly" toward the axis of the shell so as to cause turbulence in" the oil'spray and thus promote combustion. The shell I3 is I fitted with fins ordefl'ector surfaces'preferablyso arranged as to direct an inner stream of air inwardly in more or'l'ess conicalform and'an intermediate or outer; stream of air spirally, thus promOtlng considerable turbulence and *proper combustion.

The fin assembly preferably consists of a strip l5 of sheet metal which has fins integrally formed thereon. The strip I5 is subjected to suitable punching and forming operations so as to provide at spaced intervals, flanges or fins 16 directed more or less at right angles to the body of the strip or plate I5. These flanges I6 have angularly directed edges l1 at such an angle as to more or less follow the contour of the inwardly directed flange M of the shell when the fin plate is assembled therewith. The flanges l 6 in a preferred form are arranged at an angle to the length of the strip; that is, at an angle to the axis to the shell I 5 when the parts are assembled so that the outer annular stream of air while being directed inwardly by the flange l4 will be directed generally spirally, as will be clear from the Figs. 2 and 3. At the inner edges of the fins or flanges 16 there are angularly bent, preferably arcuate, fins or flanges l8. These fins or flanges l8 when the strip is bent into circular form will form a part of a frustum of a central cone as will be clear from Figs. 2 and 3.

When the strip has been punched and formed substantially as heretofore described, it is out (if formed in long strips) to a length substantially equal to the inner circumference of the shell I3. The strip I5 is then bent into generally circular form and forced into the shell l3 to substantially the position shown in Fig. 3. The strip may be held in the shell l3 by any suitable means, such as a spot weld. or if the ends of the strip are not secured together, the strip may be held frictionally or by its own inherent resiliency.

It will be seen that when the fin strip is in place as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the inner more or less arcuate flanges l8 will form a part of a frustum of a central cone to direct an inner stream of air in more or less conical form or across the oil spray from the nozzle l2. It will furthermore be seen that the outer annular stream of air will be directed into generally a conical form by the flange 14 so as to tend to cut across the oil spray at a distance from the nozzle l2-and this outer stream will be directed in spiral fashion so as to cause great turbulence in the combining air and oil mist stream, thus promoting intimate mixture and proper combustion.

Thus, when the burner is in operation, the air from the blast tube will be directed into generally conical form or across the spray cone at the zone immediately surrounding the burner nozzle and the outer air will be directed generally conically or across the spray and also spirally by the flanges or fins 16 so that the combined action of the two sets of conical directors and the one set of spiral directors will be to cause great turbulence and the intimate mixture of the air and oil spray so as to promote complete combustion.

Since all the fins are preferably formed of sheet metal and by simple stamping or forming operations, the parts may be very thin so as to provide maximum air space and all surfaces may be very smooth so as to reduce air friction. The shell l3 may be formed of stainless steel and the fin strip may be made of any suitable sheet metal capable of resisting the temperatures encountered.

It will be apparent that I have provided a diffuser head which may be formed partially or entirely of sheet metal, punched, swaged or formed into shape. The fin plates may be rapidly and economically formed in standard type presses 4 and at minimum cost. Due to the thinness of the fins and the smoothness thereof, there will be a maximum air flow and with a minimum of friction. My improved diffuser head directs the air flow in such a manner as to promote maximum turbulence and therefore eificient mixture of the air and oil spray so as to promote complete combustion.

While the invention has been described in considerable detail and a preferred form illustrated, it is to be understood that changes may be made within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claim.

I claim:

In a diffuser head, a generally cylindrical shell having a forward end of generally frusto-conical form and inclined inwardly toward the axis of the shell, a fin strip in generally circular form fitting fiatwise against and within said shell and adjacent the forward end thereof, saidfin strip having fins extending generally radially inwardly and inclined so'as to direct an outer annular stream of air in generally spiral fashion and said fins having integral end fins at the inner ends of said first fins and directed so as to collectively form a frusto-conical surface to direct an inner stream of air in generally conical fashion inwardly toward the axis of the shell.

ALEXIS S. GORSHKOFF.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

